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White-tailed Deer

(Odocoileus virginianus)

Size:

  • About 3 ft. (90 cm) high at the shoulder.
  • Weighs 150 to 225 lb. (68 to 102 kg).
  • Generally smaller than mule deer and bigger than black-tailed deer.

Distribution in North America:


Found across most of North America, except in northern Canada and far west United States.


Tracks
front: 2" x 3 1/2"  
hind: 2" x 3"

Habitat:

  • Forests, swamps and the open brushy areas nearby.
  • Prefers valley bottoms and farmland. Often found along streams and rivers.

Notes:

  • Whitetail does (females) are about the same size as mule deer does.
  • Mature bucks (males) stand about the same height as mule deer (but typically weigh less).
  • Antlers have a main beam with unbranched tines coming off (unlike mule deer which have antlers that grow in forked pairs).
  • Wide brown tail covers white rump until startled; then animal runs with tail, which is white underneath, held high and waving from side to side (called "flagging") and white rump patch exposed.
  • Small ears, unlike mule deer.
  • Very wary and secretive. When startled, will gallop with undulating leaps.

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More information on this species

Be sure to check local regulations for hunting or trapping information on this species.

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